CAPTCHA Protection

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a type of security measure known as challenge-response authentication. The purpose of CAPTCHA is to safeguard forms from spam by requiring completion of a straightforward test that verifies the user’s identity as a human being and not a computer program attempting to gain unauthorized access to the resource.

Protecting Forms with CAPTCHA

To protect form with CAPTCHA, you can choose one of the following options:

Set captcha_protection_enabled form option to true. In this case, the form will be protected with CAPTCHA when this type of protection is enabled and configured.

namespace Acme\Bundle\DemoBundle\Form\Type;

use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolver;

class UserType extends AbstractType
{
    // ...

    public function configureOptions(OptionsResolver $resolver)
    {
        $resolver->setDefaults([
            'captcha_protection_enabled' => true
        ]);
    }
}

To enable or disable the protection of a particular form, add the DI tag oro_form.captcha_protected and pass the form name with form_name. The use of the DI tag allows the administrator to configure the protection status of the form in question. CAPTCHA protection must be enabled and configured.

src/Acme/Bundle/DemoBundle/Resources/config/services.yml

services:
    acme.user_type:
        class: 'Acme\Bundle\DemoBundle\Form\Type\UserType'
        tags:
            - { name: form.type }
            - { name: oro_form.captcha_protected, form_name: user_form }

For correct form listing the translation, make sure that key oro_form.captcha.protected_form_name.<form_name> is defined.

src/Acme/Bundle/DemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.en.yml

oro_form.captcha.protected_form_name.user_form: Acme User Form

Implementing Custom CAPTCHA service

Oro comes with a set of popular CAPTCHA services. To create a custom service, you need to implement Oro\Bundle\FormBundle\Captcha\CaptchaServiceInterface and add a form type that will be responsible for the CAPTCHA form element rendering and optional JS logic implementation. In addition, you need to define system config options to simplify CAPTCHA service configuration.

src/Acme/Bundle/DemoBundle/Captcha/CustomCaptchaService.php

namespace Acme\Bundle\DemoBundle\Captcha;

use GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface as HTTPClientInterface;
use Oro\Bundle\ConfigBundle\Config\ConfigManager;
use Oro\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Encoder\SymmetricCrypterInterface;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack;

class CustomCaptchaService implements CaptchaServiceInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        protected HTTPClientInterface $httpClient,
        protected LoggerInterface $logger,
        protected ConfigManager $configManager,
        protected SymmetricCrypterInterface $crypter,
        protected RequestStack $requestStack
    ) {
    }

    public function isConfigured(): bool
    {
        return $this->getPrivateKey() && $this->getPublicKey();
    }

    public function isVerified($value): bool
    {
        $request = $this->requestStack->getCurrentRequest();

        try {
            $response = $this->httpClient->request(
                'POST',
                'https://captcha-provider.com/siteverify',
                [
                    'form_params' => [
                        'secret' => $this->getPrivateKey(),
                        'response' => $value,
                        'remoteip' => $request?->getClientIp()
                    ]
                ]
            );
            $responseData = json_decode($response->getBody()->getContents(), JSON_OBJECT_AS_ARRAY);

            return (bool)($responseData['success'] ?? false);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->logger->warning(
                'Unable to verify CAPTCHA',
                ['exception' => $e]
            );

            return false;
        }
    }

    public function getPublicKey(): ?string
    {
        return $this->configManager->get('acme_demo.custom_captcha_public_key');
    }

    private function getPrivateKey(): ?string
    {
        $encryptedPrivateKey = $this->configManager->get('acme_demo.custom_captcha_private_key');
        if ($encryptedPrivateKey) {
            try {
                return $this->crypter->decryptData($encryptedPrivateKey);
            } catch (\Exception) {
                return null;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
}

src/Acme/Bundle/DemoBundle/Form/Type/CustomCaptchaType.php

namespace Acme\Bundle\DemoBundle\Form\Type;

use Oro\Bundle\FormBundle\Captcha\CaptchaServiceInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\HiddenType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormView;

class CustomCaptchaType extends AbstractType
{
    public const string NAME = 'acme_custom_captcha_token';

    public function __construct(
        private CaptchaServiceInterface $captchaService
    ) {
    }

    public function finishView(FormView $view, FormInterface $form, array $options)
    {
        $view->vars = array_replace_recursive($view->vars, [
            'attr' => [
                'data-page-component-module' => 'acme/js/app/components/custom-captcha-component',
                'data-page-component-options' => json_encode([
                    'site_key' => $this->captchaService->getPublicKey()
                ])
            ]
        ]);
    }

    public function getParent(): ?string
    {
        return HiddenType::class;
    }

    public function getName(): string
    {
        return $this->getBlockPrefix();
    }

    public function getBlockPrefix(): string
    {
        return static::NAME;
    }
}